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Corel Medical Series: Cancer
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00065_Field_SRC.c20.C.8.txt
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1997-01-28
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• Mediastinoscopy with biopsies. In this procedure, a small incision is made at the base of the neck and a long
thin tube called a mediastinoscope is inserted down to the lymph nodes in the middle of the chest. Tissue can be
obtained through this instrument for pathological examination.
• Needle aspiration of a mass in the chest, often with CT guidance.
• Removal and analysis of fluid in the chest to detect tumor cells .
• Pleural (chest lining) biopsy .
• Lymph node biopsy.
• Bone biopsy.
• Liver biopsy.
• Biopsy of a nodule during surgery.
• DNA analysis. With the advent of genetic probe studies, certain genes appear to be more frequent in patients
who develop lung cancer. Patients with amplification of the k-ras oncogene, for example, have a worse
prognosis . In the future, it may become possible to determine from genetic studies whether an individual is at
increased risk of lung cancer or other cancers.